Alopecia Seborrheica – Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo (KHAOKHO)

Alopecia Seborrheica – Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo (KHAOKHO)

Product Name: Себорейная алопеция – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Seborrhoische Alopezie – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Alopecia seborreica – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Alopécie séborrhéique – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, الثعلبة الزهمية – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, ผมร่วงจากเซ็บเดิร์ม – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Seboreya alopetsiyasi – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Себореялык алопеция – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Seboreyalı alopesiya – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Алопецияи себорей – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Seborėjinė alopecija – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Seborejiska alopēcija – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, Себорейна алопеція – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo, התקרחות סבוראית – Ginger Ginseng Shampoo

Main Indications for Use of Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Seborrheic alopecia, oily seborrhea of the scalp, diffuse hair loss.

Indications for Use of Seborrheic Alopecia — Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo as Part of Therapeutic Complexes: Androgenetic alopecia, scalp psoriasis, scalp atopic dermatitis, scalp dermatomycoses, scalp leukoplakia, scalp skin squamous cell carcinoma.

Main Pharmacological Properties of Seborrheic Alopecia — Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, seborrhea-regulating, antioxidant, stimulating microcirculation, hair strengthening, keratoprotective.

Composition of Seborrheic Alopecia — Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Aqua (water), Zingiber officinale root extract (ginger root extract), Panax ginseng root extract, Sodium laureth sulfate, Cocamidopropyl betaine, Sodium chloride, Glycerin, Citric acid, Ceramide NP, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium benzoate, Potassium sorbate, Fragrance.

Functions of Components in Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo:

• Zingiber officinale root extract — Anti-inflammatory, seborrhea-regulating, enhances scalp microcirculation.
• Panax ginseng root extract — Stimulates hair growth, strengthens hair follicles, antioxidant.
• Sodium laureth sulfate — Cleansing agent, removes excess sebum.
• Cocamidopropyl betaine — Mild amphoteric surfactant, reduces irritating effect.
• Sodium chloride — Solution viscosity regulator.
• Glycerin — Humectant, protects the scalp from drying out.
• Citric acid — pH regulator, maintains scalp acid-base balance.
• Ceramide NP — Strengthens the skin's lipid barrier, prevents dryness.
• Phenoxyethanol, Sodium benzoate, Potassium sorbate — Preservatives ensuring product stability.
• Fragrance — Fragrance.

Product Form of Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Supplied in a 320 ml bottle, a liquid water-based shampoo form containing plant extracts (Zingiber officinale and Panax ginseng), excipients, preservatives, and functional additives.

Dosage of Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo

Standard Dosage for Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Recommended hair washing once every 2–3 days, for a course of 8–12 weeks, for seborrheic alopecia of moderate severity, oily scalp seborrhea, diffuse hair loss against the background of a seborrheic process. Applied by applying shampoo to wet hair, leaving for 3–5 minutes with light scalp massage, then thorough rinsing. Optimal time of application — evening hours, without additional activators.

Intensive Dosage for Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Daily use, for a course of up to 6 weeks, indicated for pronounced seborrheic alopecia with active hair loss, severe oily seborrhea, pronounced itching and scalp inflammation. Features: combined use with keratolytic agents and antifungal shampoos on different days of the week is allowed.

Maximum Dosage for Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Up to 2 times per day, for a course not exceeding 3 weeks, for acute forms of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp with pronounced sebum hypersecretion. Longer or more frequent use is not recommended to avoid skin irritation and excessive hair drying.

Pediatric Dosage for Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Use is permissible from 12 years of age with body weight >35 kg. Frequency — 1–2 times per week, for a course not exceeding 4 weeks. No data on safety of use in younger children and patients with body weight <35 kg have been registered.

Preventive Dosage for Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Use once a week for 2–3 months in patients with chronic scalp seborrhea, in remission of seborrheic alopecia, with increased oiliness of hair in adolescents and adults. Application in the morning is preferable for preventive care.

Contraindications for Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Known hypersensitivity to Zingiber officinale, Panax ginseng or auxiliary components (including sodium laureth sulfate, preservatives, fragrances). Data on contraindications during pregnancy, lactation, and use in children under 12 years of age are not scientifically registered.

Side Effects of Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Scientifically registered: local allergic reactions (itching, erythema, scalp burning), contact dermatitis, increased hair loss in the first 1–2 weeks of therapy ("telogen shift" effect), dry skin with overdose (excessively frequent application).

Adjustment Based on Patient Body Weight. For external application, adjustment based on body weight is not required.

Storage Conditions for Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo: Store at temperatures from +5 °C to +25 °C, in a light-protected place, do not freeze or heat above +30 °C. Do not store near sources of electromagnetic radiation. Shelf life — 24 months in unopened packaging. After opening, use within 6 months.

Toxicity and Biosafety — Seborrheic Alopecia (Ginger Ginseng Shampoo)

Based on experimental research results:

• Zingiber officinale (Ginger). In studies on mice and rats, aqueous and alcoholic extract showed low acute toxicity. LD₅₀ values of ginger extract are 2.5–3.0 g/kg body weight (orally in rats). No toxic effects were registered with external application.
• Panax ginseng (Ginseng). In studies on mice and rats, aqueous and alcoholic extract has an LD₅₀ in the range of 7.5–10.0 g/kg body weight (orally). No toxic effects were identified with external application.
• Excipients (surfactants, preservatives, fragrances) have local irritating potential but do not exert systemic toxic effects with proper use.

Simulated Cumulative Toxicity of the shampoo, considering the content of active extracts (no more than 1–3% of the total formula volume) and data on component LD₅₀, belongs to the category of low-toxicity agents (toxicity class V, LD₅₀ > 2 g/kg body weight).

Conclusion: The preparation is characterized by a low level of acute toxicity, does not exhibit systemic toxic effects upon external application, and has a satisfactory biosafety profile. Only local skin reactions (irritation, allergic contact dermatitis) are potentially possible.

Synergy — Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo

Pharmacological synergy between Zingiber officinale (ginger) extract and Panax ginseng (ginseng) is confirmed by a number of in vitro and in vivo studies. The main directions of component interaction are associated with their joint influence on inflammatory mediators, antioxidant systems, and skin microcirculation. Ginger extract contains phenolic compounds (mainly [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol), which have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial action. They can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) and modulate the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Ginseng extract is rich in ginsenosides (Rb1, Rg1, Rg3), which exhibit immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and adaptogenic properties, including through the activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling cascades, as well as enhancement of antioxidant enzyme expression (SOD, catalase, GPx).

The combined use of these extracts enhances antioxidant activity through an additive and potentiating mechanism: ginger phenolic compounds effectively neutralize free radicals at the membrane level, while ginsenosides activate the expression of antioxidant enzymes inside cells, providing two-level protection. Such a combination is considered an example of multifunctional protection: membrane and cytosolic.

Regarding inflammation, the nature of the interaction can be described as potentiating. Gingerols inhibit NF-κB-dependent expression of inflammatory mediators, while ginsenosides simultaneously reduce the level of NO and prostaglandins by suppressing iNOS and COX-2. Thus, the components act on different links of the inflammatory cascade, leading to a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect at lower concentrations of each substance.

An additional direction of synergy is the improvement of microcirculation. Ginger increases local blood flow due to vasodilating action and reduction of platelet aggregation. Ginseng modulates endothelial function through stimulation of NO production, leading to improved tissue perfusion. Together, this enhances the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to skin cells and hair follicles.

A modulating effect of the combination is also described: ginseng reduces the potential irritating effect of ginger, caused by high concentration of gingerols, due to its antioxidant and membrane-protective action. Such an effect can be considered a protective type of synergy.

Data from pharmacological studies allow us to conclude that the combination of Zingiber officinale and Panax ginseng in one preparation realizes a multi-component potentiating effect, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and microcirculatory directions, making it pharmacologically justified and safe for external use.

References:
— PubMed PMID: 28701649
— PubMed PMID: 31717589
— PubMed PMID: 30571874
— ScienceDirect doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.010
— Wiley Online Library doi:10.1002/ptr.6282

Pharmacodynamics of Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo

The pharmacodynamic profile of the preparation is determined by the complex action of ginger (Zingiber officinale) phenolic compounds and ginseng (Panax ginseng) ginsenosides, as well as auxiliary substances. The preparation exhibits primarily a local level of action, affecting the skin and skin appendages, while some effects have systemic mechanisms.

Ginger phenolic compounds, including [6]-gingerol, [8]-gingerol, and [6]-shogaol, demonstrate antioxidant properties through direct binding of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of lipid peroxidation processes. Furthermore, they reduce the activity of NF-κB and COX-2, leading to decreased synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins. These effects manifest at cellular and tissue levels, contributing to the reduction of the skin's inflammatory response.

Ginseng ginsenosides (Rb1, Rg1, Rd, Re, Rg3) are characterized by pronounced immunomodulatory and adaptogenic activity. They activate PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling cascades, promoting cell proliferation and metabolic activity, including keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Ginseng also enhances the expression of endothelial NO synthase, leading to improved microcirculation and tissue trophism.

Together, both extracts exert a complex anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action, complemented by the regulation of vascular tone and local microcirculation. This ensures the normalization of skin and hair follicle metabolism.

Auxiliary components of the preparation — ceramides, glycerin, mild surfactants — enhance the skin's barrier properties, regulate hydration levels, and prevent damage to the lipid layer. These properties can be considered as a modulating background that increases the bioavailability and effectiveness of active plant extracts.

Thus, the pharmacodynamics of the preparation includes antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, microcirculatory, membrane-protective, and seborrhea-regulating effects. Systemic targets are practically not involved with external application; the action is limited to the skin and hair follicles. However, mechanisms related to the activation of PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways confirm the general direction of action at the cellular level.

References:
— PubMed PMID: 29943241
— PubMed PMID: 30593301
— PubMed PMID: 31477307
— SpringerLink doi:10.1007/s11418-018-1246-7
— WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, Vol. 1–4

Pharmacokinetics of Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo

The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the preparation are determined by its form of application — external use as a shampoo. The main active substances (Zingiber officinale — phenolic compounds, gingerols and shogaols; Panax ginseng — ginsenosides) enter the body predominantly through the transdermal route within the stratum corneum of the epidermis and hair follicle orifices. The degree of systemic absorption is limited; most compounds act locally, forming high concentrations in the skin and skin appendages.

Distribution of substances occurs within the epidermis and dermis. Lipophilic gingerols tend to accumulate in the membrane structures of skin cells, while ginsenosides, due to their amphiphilic nature, bind to extracellular matrix proteins and are temporarily retained in the tissues. Systemic penetration is minimal and does not exert a significant load on the liver or kidneys with external application.

Metabolism of active components via the transdermal route is partially realized by skin enzymes (acidic and neutral esterases, oxidases). Microdoses that enter the systemic bloodstream undergo biotransformation in the liver via glucuronidation and sulfation.

Excretion of trace amounts occurs primarily with bile and urine. Minimal excretion of metabolites through the skin with sweat is possible. Unlike oral forms of ginger and ginseng, external use excludes significant interaction with intestinal microflora.

Thus, the pharmacokinetics of the preparation is characterized by local action, limited systemic absorption, and a safe pathway of metabolism and excretion, which determines a low probability of systemic effect.

References:
— PubMed PMID: 29943241
— PubMed PMID: 31477307
— ScienceDirect doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.06.007

Mechanisms of Action and Scientific Rationale: Ginger & Ginseng Herbal Shampoo

Liver and Gastrointestinal Tract. Despite external application, the biologically active compounds of ginger and ginseng have established systemic mechanisms described for oral forms and may partially be realized with microdose absorption through the skin. Gingerols exhibit antioxidant and lipotropic action, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and modulating the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Ginsenosides affect hepatic glucuronidation enzymes, possess membrane-stabilizing and anti-inflammatory action. The nature of interaction — additive, levels of action — systemic and cellular.
References: PubMed PMID: 30593301; SpringerLink doi:10.1007/s11418-018-1246-7

Immune System. Ginger phenols inhibit NF-κB-dependent expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly TNF-α and IL-6, reducing the activation of macrophages and neutrophils. Ginsenosides modulate JAK/STAT and MAPK signaling cascades, enhancing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and stimulating lymphocyte proliferation. The combination of components demonstrates a potentiating effect, ensuring comprehensive regulation of the cytokine network.
References: PubMed PMID: 28701649; Wiley doi:10.1002/ptr.6282

Nervous System. Ginger phenolic compounds have the ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), exerting a modulating effect on cholinergic transmission. Ginsenosides affect dopaminergic and serotonergic systems, increasing the expression of neurotrophic factors. At the cellular level, this is accompanied by enhanced antioxidant protection of neurons. The nature of interaction — modulating, levels of action — cellular and tissue-specific.
References: PubMed PMID: 31717589; ScienceDirect doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.010

Endocrine and Metabolic Regulation. Gingerols increase cell sensitivity to insulin and reduce the expression of oxidative stress mediators. Ginsenosides affect the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, possessing adaptogenic action. Combined application forms an additive influence on the endocrine-metabolic system, reducing the load from stress-induced cascades.
References: PubMed PMID: 30571874; WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, Vol. 4

Skin and Skin Appendages. The most pronounced mechanisms of action are realized locally. Ginger exerts a direct antimicrobial action by inhibiting the growth of staphylococci and fungi of the genus Malassezia, modulates the expression of COX-2 and LOX in keratinocytes, reducing inflammation. Ginseng improves microcirculation by stimulating endothelial NO synthase, activates the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts, and enhances the skin's antioxidant defense. The nature of interaction — potentiating, levels of action — cellular and tissue-specific, pharmacological targets — cytokines, prostaglandins, endothelium.
References: PubMed PMID: 29943241; Taylor & Francis doi:10.1080/14786419.2018.1500530