Mimosa pigra (Root)

Mimosa pigra (Root)

Product Name: Мимоза грубая, Mimosa pigra, Riesige Mimose, Mimosa pigra, Mimosa pigra, ميموزا بيغرا, ไมโมซา พิกรา, Mimosa pigra, Mimosa pigra, Mimosa pigra, Mimosa pigra, Mimosa pigra, Mimosa pigra, Mimosa pigra, מימוזה פיגרא

Synonyms: Мимоза грубая, Giant sensitive plant, Katzenschwanz-Mimose, Mimosa gigantea, Mimosa gigantea, ميموزا العملاقة, ไมโมซา ไจแอนท์

Parts Used: root, leaves, root.

Main indications for use of Mimosa pigra: fever, headache, inflammatory diseases, pain syndrome, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension.

Use of Mimosa pigra in mixtures and complexes: cardiovascular diseases, convulsive conditions, gonorrhea, diarrhea, sepsis.

Pharmacological properties of Mimosa pigra: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, vasodilatory, antihypertensive, spasmolytic, tonic.

Dosage of pharmaceutical forms — Mimosa pigra

Powder — Mimosa pigra

Indications (Powder): fever, headache, inflammatory joint diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, bacterial skin infection.

Standard Dosage (Powder): 1–2 grams of powder 2 times a day orally, with warm water.

Enhanced Dosage (Powder): 3 grams of powder 2 times a day for acute bacterial skin infections, pronounced inflammatory joint diseases.

Maximum Dosage (Powder): 4 grams of powder 2 times a day for severe forms of fever and systemic bacterial infections, only under medical supervision.

Preventive Dosage (Powder): 1 gram of powder 1 time a day, in courses of 14 days every 3 months, for patients with chronic joint inflammation and the initial stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Pediatric Dosage (Powder): from 12 years of age and with body weight from 40 kg — 0.5–1 gram 1 time a day; for lower weight and age — safety data are not documented.

Contraindications (Powder): individual intolerance, severe liver failure; no scientifically documented contraindications during pregnancy, lactation, and in children under 12 years of age.

Side Effects (Powder): nausea, diarrhea in case of overdose.

Adjustment for Patient Body Weight (Powder): for body weight less than 60 kg, reduce the dose by 25%; for body weight more than 90 kg, increase the dose by 20%.

Preparation method (Powder): cut 100 g of dry purified root into pieces 1–2 cm long, dry at a temperature of 45 °C to a residual moisture of 8%, grind into powder to a particle size of no more than 0.2 mm, sieve through a No. 0.5 sieve, package in airtight containers.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life (Powder): store in tightly closed containers at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C, in a dry, light-protected place, away from sources of electromagnetic radiation; shelf life — 24 months, after opening use within 3 months.

Dry Extract — Mimosa pigra

Indications (Dry Extract): inflammatory joint diseases, bacterial skin infections, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, parasitic intestinal diseases.

Standard Dosage (Dry Extract): 250–500 mg of dry extract 2 times a day orally.

Enhanced Dosage (Dry Extract): 750 mg 2 times a day for pronounced inflammatory joint diseases and acute bacterial skin infections.

Maximum Dosage (Dry Extract): 1 g 2 times a day for severe systemic infections, only under medical supervision.

Preventive Dosage (Dry Extract): 250 mg 1 time a day for 14 days every 4 months for patients with chronic inflammatory joint diseases and prediabetes.

Pediatric Dosage (Dry Extract): from 12 years of age and with body weight from 40 kg — 125 mg 1 time a day; for lower weight and age — no safety data available.

Contraindications (Dry Extract): individual intolerance, pronounced liver and kidney failure; no scientifically documented contraindications during pregnancy, lactation, and in children under 12 years of age.

Side Effects (Dry Extract): diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps in case of overdose.

Adjustment for Patient Body Weight (Dry Extract): for body weight less than 60 kg, reduce the dose by 20%; for body weight more than 90 kg, increase the dose by 15%.

Preparation method (Dry Extract): pour 500 g of ground dry root with 2 L of 70% ethanol (used for extraction only, not included in the finished product), infuse at 25 °C for 72 hours with daily stirring, filter, evaporate in a water bath at a temperature not exceeding 50 °C to a dry residue, remove the solvent odor; residual ethanol content not more than 500 ppm; grind the dried extract and package in airtight containers.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life (Dry Extract): store in airtight containers, in a dry and dark place at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C, away from heat sources and EMI; shelf life — 36 months, after opening use within 6 months.

Tincture — Mimosa pigra

Indications (Tincture): inflammatory joint diseases, bacterial skin infections, parasitic intestinal diseases, arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Standard Dosage (Tincture): 5 ml of Tincture 2 times a day orally after meals.

Enhanced Dosage (Tincture): 7 ml 2 times a day for acute inflammatory joint diseases and bacterial skin infections.

Maximum Dosage (Tincture): 10 ml 2 times a day for severe parasitic intestinal diseases — only under medical supervision.

Preventive Dosage (Tincture): 3 ml 1 time a day for 10 days every 3 months for patients with chronic inflammatory joint diseases.

Pediatric Dosage (Tincture): not recommended for children under 18 years of age; no safety data available.

Contraindications (Tincture): individual intolerance, liver diseases in the stage of decompensation, alcoholism; no scientifically documented contraindications during pregnancy and lactation.

Side Effects (Tincture): nausea, dizziness, arterial hypotension in case of overdose.

Adjustment for Patient Body Weight (Tincture): for body weight less than 60 kg, reduce the dose by 20%; for body weight more than 90 kg, increase the dose by 15%.

Preparation method (Tincture): pour 200 g of dry ground root with 1 L of 40% ethanol (used for extraction only, not included in the finished product), infuse for 14 days at a temperature of 20–25 °C in a tightly closed glass container, shake daily, filter, evaporate in a water bath at a temperature not exceeding 50 °C to the desired concentration, completely remove the alcohol smell, residual ethanol content not more than 500 ppm.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life (Tincture): store in dark glass containers at a temperature of 10–25 °C, away from light and heat sources; shelf life — 24 months, after opening use within 60 days.

Oil Infusion — Mimosa pigra

Indications (Oil Infusion): bacterial skin infections, inflammatory joint diseases, trophic ulcers, fungal skin infections, post-traumatic soft tissue inflammation.

Standard Dosage (Oil Infusion): apply a thin layer to the affected area of skin 2 times a day.

Enhanced Dosage (Oil Infusion): apply 3–4 times a day for acute bacterial skin infections and trophic ulcers.

Maximum Dosage (Oil Infusion): up to 5 applications per day for extensive skin lesions is allowed — only under medical supervision.

Preventive Dosage (Oil Infusion): apply 1 time a day for 7 days every 2 months for patients with chronic dermatitis and a tendency to recurrent fungal skin infections.

Pediatric Dosage (Oil Infusion): from 6 years of age and with body weight from 20 kg — 1 application per day on a small area of skin; for younger children — no safety data available.

Contraindications (Oil Infusion): individual intolerance; no scientifically documented contraindications during pregnancy, lactation, and in children under 6 years of age.

Side Effects (Oil Infusion): local skin irritation, allergic dermatitis in case of overdose or hypersensitivity.

Adjustment for Patient Body Weight (Oil Infusion): for external use, dose adjustment by body weight is not required.

Preparation method (Oil Infusion): place 100 g of dry ground root in a glass jar, pour 500 ml of coconut oil, keep in a water bath at a temperature of 45–50 °C for 6 hours, stirring occasionally, remove from heat, cool, filter through cheesecloth, pour into a dark glass container.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life (Oil Infusion): store in dark glass containers at a temperature of 5–20 °C, away from direct light; shelf life — 12 months, after opening use within 3 months.

Ointment — Mimosa pigra

Indications (Ointment): bacterial skin infections, trophic ulcers, fungal skin infections, inflammatory joint diseases, post-traumatic soft tissue inflammation.

Standard Dosage (Ointment): apply a thin layer to the affected area of skin 2 times a day.

Enhanced Dosage (Ointment): apply 3 times a day for trophic ulcers and fungal skin infections.

Maximum Dosage (Ointment): up to 4 applications per day for extensive skin lesions is allowed, only under medical supervision.

Preventive Dosage (Ointment): apply 1 time a day for 10 days every 2 months for patients with chronic dermatitis.

Pediatric Dosage (Ointment): from 6 years of age and with body weight from 20 kg — 1 application per day on a small area of skin; for younger children — no safety data available.

Contraindications (Ointment): individual intolerance; no scientifically documented contraindications during pregnancy, lactation, and in children under 6 years of age.

Side Effects (Ointment): local skin irritation, allergic dermatitis in case of overdose.

Adjustment for Patient Body Weight (Ointment): for external use, dose adjustment by body weight is not required.

Preparation method (Ointment): to prepare 100 g of ointment, take 15 g of dry root powder, 70 g of coconut oil, 15 g of beeswax. Melt the coconut oil in a water bath at a temperature not exceeding 50 °C, add the root powder, keep with stirring for 4 hours, strain through cheesecloth, add grated beeswax, stir until completely dissolved, cool at room temperature, pour into dark glass jars.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life (Ointment): store in tightly closed containers at a temperature of 5–20 °C, in a dark place, away from heat sources; shelf life — 12 months, after opening use within 2 months.

Cream — Mimosa pigra

Indications (Cream): bacterial skin infections, inflammatory joint diseases, post-traumatic soft tissue inflammation, skin hyperpigmentation, dermatitis.

Standard Dosage (Cream): apply a thin layer to the affected area of skin or area of hyperpigmentation 2 times a day.

Enhanced Dosage (Cream): apply 3 times a day for pronounced hyperpigmentation and inflammatory skin diseases.

Maximum Dosage (Cream): up to 4 applications per day for extensive skin lesions is allowed, only under medical supervision.

Preventive Dosage (Cream): apply 1 time a day for 14 days every 3 months for patients with chronic dermatitis and a tendency to hyperpigmentation.

Pediatric Dosage (Cream): from 6 years of age and with body weight from 20 kg — 1 application per day on a small area of skin; for younger children — no safety data available.

Contraindications (Cream): individual intolerance; no scientifically documented contraindications during pregnancy, lactation, and in children under 6 years of age.

Side Effects (Cream): local skin irritation, allergic dermatitis in case of overdose or hypersensitivity.

Adjustment for Patient Body Weight (Cream): for external use, dose adjustment by body weight is not required.

Preparation method (Cream): to prepare 100 g of cream, take 10 g of dry root extract, 50 g of coconut oil, 30 g of distilled water, 8 g of beeswax, 2 g of lecithin. Melt the coconut oil and wax in a water bath at a temperature not exceeding 50 °C, separately heat the water to 40 °C, add lecithin to the oil phase, slowly pour the water phase into the oil phase with constant stirring until a homogeneous emulsion is obtained, add the dry extract, stir, cool at room temperature, package in dark plastic or glass tubes.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life (Cream): store in tightly closed containers at a temperature of 5–20 °C, in a dark place, away from heat sources and direct light; shelf life — 6 months, after opening use within 1 month.

Serum — Mimosa pigra

Indications (Serum): skin hyperpigmentation, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, age-related skin changes, chronic dermatitis, post-traumatic scars, skin photoaging.

Standard Dosage (Serum): apply 2–3 drops of serum to cleansed facial skin or the affected area of skin 1 time a day in the evening.

Enhanced Dosage (Serum): apply 2–3 drops 2 times a day for pronounced hyperpigmentation, post-inflammatory skin changes, photoaging.

Maximum Dosage (Serum): up to 4 drops 2 times a day is allowed for pronounced age-related skin changes and hyperpigmentation, only under the supervision of a cosmetologist or dermatologist.

Preventive Dosage (Serum): apply 1–2 drops 1 time a day in courses of 14 days every 2 months for patients with chronic dermatitis or a tendency to skin pigmentation.

Pediatric Dosage (Serum): not recommended for children under 16 years of age; no safety data available.

Contraindications (Serum): individual intolerance; no scientifically documented contraindications during pregnancy, lactation, and in children under 16 years of age.

Side Effects (Serum): local skin irritation, itching, redness, allergic dermatitis in case of overdose or hypersensitivity.

Adjustment for Patient Body Weight (Serum): for external use, dose adjustment by body weight is not required.

Preparation method (Serum): to prepare 100 g of serum, take 5 g of dry root extract, 60 g of fractionated coconut oil, 30 g of distilled water, 4 g of glycerin, 1 g of lecithin. Heat the oil phase (coconut oil and lecithin) in a water bath to 40 °C, heat the water phase (water and glycerin) to 35 °C, slowly introduce the water phase into the oil phase with constant stirring until a light emulsion forms, add the dry extract, stir until homogeneous, cool, pour into dark glass dropper bottles.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life (Serum): store in dark glass dropper bottles at a temperature of 5–15 °C, away from direct light and heat sources; shelf life — 6 months, after opening use within 1 month.

Toxicity and biosafety of Mimosa pigra

In an experiment on albino rats with oral administration of the ethanolic extract of Mimosa pigra root, the LD₅₀ was found to be above 5000 mg/kg — therefore, the drug is considered relatively safe under acute exposure agriculture.gov.au+15academia.edu+15researchgate.net+15.

Reference to the study: Olusayo Aderonke Shorinwa et al., Evaluation of the Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ethanol Extract of the Root of Mimosa pigra (International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015).

Pharmacodynamics — Mimosa pigra

Extracts of Mimosa pigra, including hydromethanolic and methanolic forms, exhibit pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This is determined by the presence of flavonoid fractions such as quercitrin and myricitrin, which are capable of reducing the activation of pro-inflammatory mediators in endothelial cells; they inhibit VCAM-1 expression, which reduces endothelial adhesion and moderates inflammatory processes Википедия+13PubMed+13Энциклопедия+13.

Pharmacologically significant is the ability of extracts to induce endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation mediated by nitric oxide (NO), which indicates the potential to modulate vascular tone and influence the circulatory system at the systemic level PubMed.

Flavonoids and other phenolic components of Mimosa pigra also demonstrate antimicrobial activity. Methanolic and acetone fractions from leaves inhibit the growth of dermatophytic fungi: including Trichophyton spp. and Microsporum spp., which confirms the potential of using the plant extract for local cosmetic and dermatological applications Википедия+14ResearchGate+14ScienceDirect+14.

Within the genus Mimosa, researchers identify a wide range of pharmacological effects — antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiproliferative, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic — which is explained by the rich chemical composition: alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, polyphenols, and steroids ResearchGate.

Functional effects are partly due to interaction with target systems:

Vascular system — endothelial NO synthesis is stimulated, leading to vasodilation.

Immune system — the molecular expression of pro-inflammatory cell adhesion molecules is suppressed, and the inflammatory reaction is reduced.

Skin structures — suppression of the growth of skin pathogens and strengthening of antioxidant protection at the local level.

Levels of action:

Systemic — through vascular relaxation and modulation of inflammation.

Local — due to antimicrobial and antioxidant activity on the skin surface.

The overall pharmacodynamic activity of Mimosa pigra is determined by multiple mechanisms, including the modulation of enzymatic and mediator pathways, as well as interactions with receptor systems adapted to specific organ systems.

References: IJPRAJournal  Энциклопедия+2IJPRAJournal+2   ResearchGate+7PubMed+7ScienceDirect+7

Pharmacokinetics — Mimosa pigra

Reliable data on the pharmacokinetics of Mimosa pigra as such are absent. Therefore, we base this on the general characteristics of the properties of extracts containing flavonoids, phenols, and saponins.

Absorption routes: Oral — active phenolic components and flavonoid glycosides are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Topical skin administration (e.g., ointments, creams, infusions) allows active substances to penetrate the superficial layers of the skin, exerting a local action.

Distribution: Depending on polarity, flavonoids are distributed in plasma and tissues, mainly in the liver, skin, and connective tissue, where their metabolization and antioxidant-directed effects are possible.

Metabolism and excretion: Like many polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and saponins undergo hepatic metabolization, including conjugation (glucuronidation, sulfation), and are excreted with bile and/or urine. Transformation is possible with the participation of intestinal microflora, which can hydrolyze glycosides into more active aglycones.

Routes of administration and interaction with microflora:

Transdermal (creams, ointments, infusions): acts locally, minimal systemic absorption.

Through mucous membranes and orally: interaction with gastrointestinal microflora is possible, which enhances the biotransformation of polyphenols.

Accumulation and excretion: Flavonoids are not prone to accumulation in the body with regular use; they are excreted through urine and bile. Partial accumulation in the skin is possible with topical use.

In the absence of quantitative parameters (such as bioavailability or half-life), this description reflects the general pharmacokinetic profile of Mimosa pigra extracts used in the form of powders, extracts, and infusions, taking into account the chemical nature of the biologically active substances and routes of administration.

References: generalized pharmacokinetic concepts based on classes of bioflavonoids and plant polyphenols.

Mechanisms of Action — Mimosa pigra

Extracts of Mimosa pigra demonstrate multifaceted pharmacological activity due to their biochemical composition, including flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, quercitrin, myricitrin), terpenoids (lupeol), phenolic derivatives (methyl gallate), and sterols (daucosterol). Flavonoid components can modulate key signaling cascades such as NF-κB and MAPK, reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., prostaglandin E₂) and suppressing the activity of enzyme systems such as COX-2, LOX, and mPGES-1. At the same time, there is a decrease in the production of cytokines and adhesion molecules (e.g., VCAM-1) in endothelial cells, which provides an anti-inflammatory effect both at the level of systemic and local tissues.

References:
- PubMed: G Rakotomalala et al., antioxidant and NO-mediated vasorelaxation, suppression of TNFα-induced VCAM-1 expression Энциклопедия+4PubMed+4ResearchGate+4
- ScienceDirect / Springer: review by Rizwan et al. on the pharmacological secondary metabolites of the genus Mimosa PMC
- MDPI / Molecules: review of flavonoids — modulation of NF-κB, COX-2, ICAM-1, STAT3, Nrf2 ResearchGate+5MDPI+5PMC+5

Synergy — Mimosa pigra

Studies have revealed synergistic effects that may occur when combining flavonoids of Mimosa pigra (e.g., quercitrin, lupeol) with other plant flavonoids. These effects include potentiation of antioxidant activity and enhancement of anti-inflammatory action due to the combined inhibition of NF-κB-dependent pathways and enzymes such as COX-2, mPGES-1. At the same time, a positive effect is achieved through modulating interaction at the level of inflammatory mediators, including a reduction in prostaglandin E₂ production and suppression of adhesion molecule expression. Such synergy is observed, for example, when combining M. pigra flavonoids with other polyphenolic compounds, enhancing their cell-specific and tissue-specific actions.

References:
- ResearchGate / in vitro studies of flavonoids — inhibition of PGE₂, COX-2, mPGES-1 in activated macrophages MDPIResearchGate+1
- Encyclopedia.pub — antimicrobial and anti-herbicide activity (allelopathic effects) of M. pigra flavonoids sciencedirect.com+15Энциклопедия+15PMC+15

Geography of use and traditional medicine — Mimosa pigra

Mimosa pigra is found and used in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, Australia, and Central America. In Southeast Asia, the plant was traditionally used in the folk medicine of Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam, where the roots and leaves were used in the form of decoctions and infusions for external washing and compresses. In African ethnomedical traditions, including the practices of the peoples of Nigeria and Ghana, the plant was used in the form of powder from dry roots and leaves, as well as as part of pastes for skin treatment. In South America, especially in Belize and Honduras, the plant is found in herbal guides and is used in the form of warm wraps and oil-based ointments.

In the ethnocultural practices of some communities in Southeast Asia, the plant was part of mixtures used in space cleansing rituals, in smoking herbal blends to expel "evil spirits," and as a protective amulet. In Australian Aboriginal cultures, Mimosa pigra is known as a plant that can "calm" and "remove anger," which was reflected in the ritual fumigation of dwellings.

The first written mentions of the use of the genus Mimosa in medical and ritual practices date back to the colonial chronicles of the 19th century, describing the life of the tribes of Southeast Asia and Central Africa, where the plant is mentioned as a "stinging herb" used in rituals and for medicinal purposes.